THE DEFINITIVE REFERENCE
Crystal Guide A–Z
Your complete crystal encyclopedia — meanings, properties, origins, and uses for every stone in our library. Whether you are a first-time collector or a seasoned mineralogy enthusiast, this is the page you bookmark.
Curated by the team at Crystals.com | Last updated June 2026
How to Use This Crystal Encyclopedia
This page is your central hub for every crystal and mineral guide published on Crystals.com. Each entry includes a brief overview of the stone's properties and a link to the full in-depth article covering history, identification, care instructions, and more.
Use the alphabetical jump links above to navigate directly to a specific stone, or scroll through to discover something new. We update this guide regularly as new articles are published.
Looking for something specific? Try our Crystal Quiz to find the perfect stone for your needs, or browse our full collection.
A
Agate
A banded variety of chalcedony prized for its grounding and stabilizing energy. Agate comes in dozens of varieties, each with distinct patterns and metaphysical associations. One of the most versatile and collected crystal families in the world.
Related: Blue Lace Agate · Grape Agate · Moss Agate · Yellow Lace Agate · Flower Agate · Orca Agate | Shop Agate →
Amazonite
A soothing teal-green feldspar mineral known for balancing the heart and throat chakras. Amazonite is associated with truth, communication, and emotional harmony. Its calming color makes it a popular choice for interior styling.
Amethyst
The world's most popular purple crystal and the February birthstone. A variety of quartz ranging from pale lilac to deep violet, amethyst has been valued since antiquity for its beauty and association with clarity, calm, and spiritual awareness. One of the best entry points for any crystal collection.
Related: Trapiche Amethyst · Pink Amethyst · Chevron Amethyst · Amethyst Geodes Guide · Amethyst Bracelet Meaning | Shop Amethyst →
Aquamarine
A blue to blue-green beryl mineral and the March birthstone. Named from the Latin for "water of the sea," aquamarine is associated with courage, serenity, and clear communication. Prized by collectors for its transparency and gem-quality crystals.
Aragonite
A calcium carbonate mineral that forms distinctive star-shaped clusters. Aragonite is valued for its grounding properties and connection to Earth energy. It is closely related to calcite but forms in a different crystal structure (orthorhombic).
Azurite
A deep blue copper carbonate mineral with a long history as a pigment and ornamental stone. Azurite is associated with the third eye chakra, intuition, and inner vision. It frequently forms alongside malachite in copper-rich deposits.
B
Black Tourmaline
One of the most powerful protective stones in the mineral kingdom. Black tourmaline (schorl) is a boron silicate mineral used for energetic shielding, grounding, and EMF protection. A must-have foundation stone for any collection.
Related: Entryway & Feng Shui Guide · All Tourmaline Types | Shop Black Tourmaline →
Bloodstone (Heliotrope)
A dark green chalcedony with distinctive red jasper inclusions. Bloodstone is a traditional March birthstone with ancient associations of vitality, courage, and endurance.
Blue Calcite
A soft, calming calcium carbonate mineral with a gentle blue hue. Blue calcite is associated with relaxation, emotional recovery, and enhanced intuition.
Related: Cobaltoan Calcite · Orange Calcite | Shop Calcite →
Blue Lace Agate
A delicate light-blue banded agate known for its calming properties. Blue lace agate supports peaceful communication, stress relief, and throat chakra balance.
C
Cacoxenite
A rare iron aluminum phosphate mineral often found as golden-yellow inclusions within amethyst. Known as the "Stone of Ascension," cacoxenite is associated with spiritual elevation and positive transformation.
Carnelian
A warm orange-red chalcedony and our 2026 Crystal of the Year. Carnelian has been treasured since ancient Egypt for its associations with vitality, courage, creativity, and the sacral chakra.
Related: Carnelian Meaning Deep Dive | Shop Carnelian →
Celestite
A pale blue strontium sulfate mineral that forms stunning geode clusters, primarily sourced from Madagascar. Associated with angelic communication, serenity, and higher consciousness.
Chalcedony
A cryptocrystalline form of silica and the parent family that includes agate, carnelian, jasper, and onyx. Known for nurturing energy and emotional balance.
Charoite
A rare, swirling purple silicate mineral found only in Siberia, Russia. Associated with transformation, insight, and overcoming fear.
Chrysocolla
A hydrated copper silicate mineral with vivid blue-green coloring. Associated with communication, empowerment, and teaching.
Chrysoprase
An apple-green variety of chalcedony colored by nickel. One of the rarest chalcedony varieties, associated with joy, optimism, and heart-centered growth.
Citrine
A yellow to golden-orange variety of quartz and the November birthstone. Known as the "Merchant's Stone" for its associations with abundance and prosperity. Natural citrine is relatively rare.
Related: Natural vs. Heat-Treated Citrine | Shop Citrine →
Clear Quartz
Known as the "Master Healer," clear quartz is the most versatile crystal in existence. This silicon dioxide mineral amplifies energy and intention, works with all chakras, and is programmable to virtually any purpose.
D
Druzy Crystals
A coating of tiny crystals on another stone's surface, creating a sparkling sugar-like texture. Occurs in quartz, calcite, and garnet families.
F
Fluorite
A calcium fluoride mineral famous for its extraordinary range of colors and perfect cubic crystal habit. Known as the "Genius Stone" for its associations with mental clarity and focus.
Related: Fluorite by Color | Shop Fluorite →
G
Garnet
A group of silicate minerals and the January birthstone. Connected to passion, vitality, and the root chakra. Comes in nearly every color.
Related: January Birthstone | Shop Garnet →
Green Aventurine
A green variety of quartz known as the "Stone of Opportunity." Associated with luck, prosperity, and the heart chakra.
H
Hematite
An iron oxide mineral with a metallic silver-black luster. One of the most powerful grounding and protective stones.
Herkimer Diamond
A double-terminated quartz crystal found in Herkimer County, New York. Prized for diamond-like brilliance and metaphysical amplification.
Howlite
A white calcium borosilicate hydroxide with grey veining. A calming stone associated with patience and sleep support.
J
Jade
Encompasses nephrite and jadeite. Revered for over 7,000 years for wisdom, harmony, and prosperity.
Jasper
An opaque chalcedony found in virtually every color. Known as the "Supreme Nurturer."
Related: Red Jasper · Ocean Jasper · Picasso Jasper | Shop Jasper →
K
Kunzite
A pink to violet spodumene variety. Associated with unconditional love and the heart chakra.
Kyanite
A blue aluminum silicate that never needs cleansing. Associated with alignment and the throat chakra.
L
Labradorite
A feldspar famous for its iridescent play of color known as labradorescence. Associated with transformation and intuition.
Lapis Lazuli
A deep blue metamorphic rock with golden pyrite flecks. Prized since ancient Egypt for wisdom, truth, and royalty.
Larimar
A rare blue pectolite found only in the Dominican Republic. Associated with calm and clear communication.
Lemurian Quartz
A quartz variety with distinctive horizontal striations. Associated with ancient wisdom and meditation.
Lepidolite
A lilac-purple lithium-bearing mica. One of the most effective crystals for anxiety due to natural lithium content.
M
Malachite
A vibrant green copper carbonate with distinctive banded patterns. The quintessential stone of transformation and protection.
Moldavite
A green tektite glass formed by a meteorite impact 15 million years ago in the Czech Republic. Finite supply; authentication is critical.
Moonstone
A feldspar with a milky glow called adularescence. A June birthstone associated with intuition and lunar cycles.
Moss Agate
A translucent chalcedony with green inclusions resembling moss. Associated with growth and abundance.
O
Obsidian
A volcanic glass used for tools for over 700,000 years. Varieties include black, rainbow, and snowflake obsidian.
Onyx
A banded chalcedony with parallel straight bands. Associated with strength and self-mastery.
Opal
A hydrated silica mineraloid that diffracts light into rainbow play of color. An October birthstone for creativity and inspiration.
P
Phosphosiderite
A rare orchid-purple iron phosphate mineral. Associated with spiritual activation and calm.
Prehnite
A pale green silicate, the first mineral named after a person. Called "the stone that heals the healer."
Pyrite
An iron sulfide known as "Fool's Gold." Forms perfect cubes and is associated with abundance and willpower.
R
Rhodochrosite
A manganese carbonate with stunning pink-to-red banding. The national stone of Argentina.
Rhodonite
A pink manganese silicate with black oxide veining. Associated with emotional healing and the heart chakra.
Rose Quartz
The quintessential stone of love. A pale pink quartz associated with the heart chakra and unconditional love.
Ruby Fuchsite
A natural combination of ruby embedded in green fuchsite mica. Associated with emotional resilience and joy.
Rutilated Quartz
Clear quartz containing golden needle-like rutile inclusions. Associated with spiritual growth and illumination.
S
Selenite
A translucent gypsum form prized for cleansing other crystals and promoting mental clarity. Never submerge in water (Mohs 2).
Serpentine
A group of green magnesium silicate minerals named for their resemblance to snake skin. Associated with kundalini energy.
Shungite
An ancient carbon-rich mineraloid from Russia, approximately two billion years old. Known for EMF protection and fullerene content.
Related: EMF Protection Guide | Shop Shungite →
Smoky Quartz
A brown-to-black translucent quartz variety. Scotland's national gem and one of the most effective grounding crystals.
Sodalite
A rich royal blue mineral with white calcite veining. Associated with logic, intuition, and the third eye chakra.
Sunstone
A feldspar with warm aventurescence from copper or hematite inclusions. Associated with joy and leadership.
T
Tanzanite
A blue-violet zoisite found only near Mount Kilimanjaro. A December birthstone with strong pleochroism.
Tiger's Eye
A golden-brown chatoyant quartz associated with confidence, willpower, and the solar plexus chakra.
Tourmaline
A boron silicate mineral group in virtually every color. An October birthstone with piezoelectric properties.
Tourmalinated Quartz
Clear quartz with black tourmaline needles. Combines amplification with protection.
Trolleite
A rare aluminum phosphate mineral with pale blue coloring. Associated with ascension and manifestation.
V
Vanadinite
A lead chlorovanadate mineral forming brilliant red-orange hexagonal crystals. Contains lead; handle with care.
Y
Yellow Lace Agate
A warm yellow banded agate associated with the solar plexus chakra and personal power.
Essential Crystal Guides
Go deeper with our most comprehensive how-to guides and reference articles.
How to Cleanse & Charge Crystals
Complete methods for energetically maintaining your crystal collection.
How to Tell If Crystals Are Real
Authentication techniques to spot fake crystals before you buy.
What Crystal Do I Need?
Choose the right crystal by intention, zodiac sign, or chakra.
Crystal Bracelets: Meanings & Buying Guide
How to choose, style, and wear crystal bracelets for every intention.
Where to Put Crystals in Your Home
Room-by-room crystal placement for energy and Feng Shui.
Investing in Crystals: Collector's Guide
Evaluate mineral specimens as alternative assets.
Natural Citrine vs. Heat-Treated
How to identify real citrine and what you are actually buying.
Birthstone Crystals by Month & Zodiac
Modern crystal alternatives to traditional birthstones.
Best Crystals for Anxiety & Stress
The most calming stones for everyday stress and emotional relief.
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Our Sources & Further Reading
The mineral data and geological classifications referenced throughout this guide are informed by peer-reviewed mineralogical resources.
This encyclopedia is maintained by the editorial team at Crystals.com. All specimens sold are natural, authentic minerals sourced directly from trusted mines and dealers worldwide. Learn more about us →
